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Siverskyi Donets - Donbas Canal
Siverskyi Donets - Donbas Canal (Russian: Канал Северский Донец - Донбасс; Ukrainian: Канал Сіверський Донець - Донбас) is a canal built in the 1950s and equipped with pumping stations to ensure the water supply for industrial plants in the Donbas.
Background
The industrialisation[wp] of the Donets Basin in the late 19th and early 20th centuries led to a high demand for water, especially for steel production. On the other hand, coal mining in the Donbas in the first half of the 20th century led to a significant drop in the groundwater level. Due to the lack of larger rivers in the industrial area, water had to be brought in from the Siverskyi Donets[wp] to supply the area. Construction of the canal began ceremonially on 9 August 1955 and lasted until 1958. In 1979, the canal was restructured and extended. The intensity of use of the canal decreased in connection with the decline of industry in Ukraine.
Characteristics
The canal is fed by the Siverskyi Donets and to a lesser extent by the Kalmius[wp]. Although the total length of the canal is 133.4 km, only 107 km of it runs above ground. The above-ground part runs in a trapezoidal canal bed (bottom 2-4 m, surface 30-40 m, depth 6-30 m). The remaining 26.4 km run in culverts or pipework, for example under other bodies of water or railway lines. Especially between Piwnitschne and the southern suburbs of Horliwka, an above-ground course is not recognisable. In addition, the canal has four pumping stations, which were rebuilt in 1979 and pump up the canal water (up to 43 cubic metres/sec.) to overcome a total gradient of almost 200 metres. In addition to the Upper Kalmiusk Reservoir, the canal also has four other water reservoirs to buffer water fluctuations. During the summer months, the Oskil Reservoir[wp] on the opposite bank of the Siverskyi Donets River also ensures a sufficient water level in the canal.
Internal links
External links
- Wikipedia has an article about Siverskyi Donets - Donbas Canal